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glycine betaine biosynthesis

State Icon Reaction EC-Number Confidence maximal confidence score from EnzymeDetector
Betaine_aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O <=> H+ + betaine + NADH 1.2.1.19 aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
1.2.1.21 glycolaldehyde dehydrogenase
1.2.1.24 succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+)
1.2.1.3 aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+)
1.2.1.47 4-trimethylammoniobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
1.2.1.8 betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase






S-adenosyl-L-methionine + sarcosine <=> H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N,N-dimethylglycine 2.1.1.156 glycine/sarcosine N-methyltransferase
2.1.1.157 sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase
2.1.1.162 glycine/sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase



phosphatidylcholine + H2O <=> phosphatidic_acid + choline + H+ 3.1.4.4 phospholipase D
3.1.4.41 sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase D


S-adenosyl-L-methionine + glycine <=> H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sarcosine 2.1.1.156 glycine/sarcosine N-methyltransferase
2.1.1.162 glycine/sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase
2.1.1.20 glycine N-methyltransferase



S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N,N-dimethylglycine <=> H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + betaine 2.1.1.157 sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase
2.1.1.161 dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase
2.1.1.162 glycine/sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase



S-adenosyl-L-methionine + glycine <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + betaine + H+ 2.1.1.162 glycine/sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase

Visualization of the pathway